Pemanfaatan Nanokalsium Tulang Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) pada Beras Analog dari Berbagai Macam Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.)
Abstract
Perkembangan konsumsi masyarakat terhadap pangan semakin meningkat. Pengkayaan produk pangan menjadi poros utama yang harus dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah penyediaan pangan yang memiliki kandungan gizi tinggi, menyehatkan, dan diterima konsumen. Ubi jalar merupakan salah satu sumber karbohidrat yang rendah kalori. Tulang ikan yang melimpah juga memiliki kandungan protein dan kalsium yang tinggi yang diperlukan oleh tubuh. Saat ini persediaan beras nasional semakin menurun. Beras analog merupakan beras tiruan yang dapat mengatasi permasalahan kebutuhan beras nasional. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan konsentrasi nanokalsium tulang ikan terhadap kandungan kalsium dan fosfor beras analog ubi jalar. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tulang ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus), ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.) putih, kuning, dan ungu, dengan desain percobaan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 3 perlakuan yang dilakukan dengan 3 kali pengulangan. Parameter pengujian yaitu uji SEM, PSA, proksimat, kalsium, fosfor, hedonik, dan indeks glikemik Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA, dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ untuk menementukan beda nyata.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan ubi jalar berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap; kadar kalsium, fosfor, dan sensori. Beras analog ubi ungu dengan penambahan nanokalsium 5% memiliki hasil terbaik dari semua parameter, dengan IG (Indeks Glikemik) 19,19 (kategori rendah) dan BG (Beban Glikemik) 7,21 (kategori rendah).
Abstract
The development of domestic consumption on food is developing. The food enrichment becomes principal axis to be done to overcome the problem of food supply which has high nutritional ingredients, healthy, and broadly accepted by consumers. Sweet potato is one source of carbohydrates which has low calories. Fish bones contain high protein and calcium for the human consumption. Currently, the national rice supply decreases. Artificial rice is artificial rice that can overcome the problems of the national rice supply. The aim of this study were to determine the effect of fish bone nano calcium concentration into the calcium and phosphorus content of sweet potato analog rice. The material used in this study were tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) bone, sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) white, yellow, and purple, with completely randomized design with triplication. All samples were analysed for SEM, PSA, proximate calcium, phosphorus, sensory test, and index glycemic. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by HSD test for determining a real difference. The results showed that the various sweet potato significantly affects (P <0.05) into: calcium content, phosphorus content, and sensory test. The purple sweet potato analog rice with the addition of 5% nanocalsium was the best results of all the parameters, with Glycemic Index of 19.19 (low category) and Glycemic Load of 7.21 (low category).
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17728/jatp.187
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